Cancer Surgery
Cancer surgery is a procedure used to remove cancerous tumors and surrounding tissues from the body. Our goal of the surgery is often to eliminate as much of the cancer as possible, which can help reduce symptoms and improve the chances of successful treatment.
Types of Cancer Surgery
Curative Surgery: Aimed at removing all the cancerous tissue with the goal of curing the patient. It is often used when the cancer is localized and has not spread.- Preventive (Prophylactic) Surgery: Performed to remove tissue that is not yet cancerous but has a high risk of developing cancer. For example, removing a pre-cancerous mole or a breast in women with a high genetic risk for breast cancer.
- Diagnostic Surgery: Includes procedures like biopsies to obtain tissue samples for examination and diagnosis.
- Staging Surgery: Helps determine the extent of cancer spread. It might involve removing lymph nodes or other tissues to assess if cancer has spread.
- Palliative Surgery: Aimed at relieving symptoms or improving quality of life rather than curing the cancer. For example, removing a tumor that is blocking the intestines or causing pain.
- Reconstructive Surgery: Performed to restore appearance or function after the removal of cancerous tissues. For instance, breast reconstruction after mastectomy.
Common Surgical Techniques
Open Surgery: Involves making a large incision to access the area where the tumor is located. This method allows for a direct view and access but may have a longer recovery time.- Minimally Invasive Surgery: Includes techniques like laparoscopy or robotic-assisted surgery. Smaller incisions are made, and specialized instruments are used, often resulting in quicker recovery and less pain.
- Laser Surgery: Uses focused light to remove or destroy cancerous tissues. This method can be useful for treating certain types of tumors or cancers on the skin or in the lungs.
- Cryosurgery: Involves freezing cancer cells with liquid nitrogen or another cryogenic substance. It’s often used for certain skin cancers and precancerous conditions.
Preparation and Recovery
Preparation: Before surgery, patients usually undergo various tests to determine their overall health and the exact location and size of the cancer. They may need to follow specific instructions regarding diet, medications, and other preoperative procedures.
Recovery: Post-surgery recovery depends on the type and extent of the surgery performed. Patients might experience pain, swelling, and fatigue. They often need follow-up care, which may include physical therapy, wound care, and monitoring for any signs of cancer recurrence.
Risks and Complications: As with any surgery, there are potential risks, including infection, bleeding, and adverse reactions to anesthesia. There may also be long-term effects depending on the location and extent of the surgery.
